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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Schwinger model ： ウィキペディア英語版 Schwinger model In physics, the Schwinger model, named after Julian Schwinger, is the model describing 2D (1 spatial dimension + time) ''Euclidean'' quantum electrodynamics with a Dirac fermion. This model exhibits a spontaneous symmetry breaking of the U(1) symmetry due to a chiral condensate due to a pool of instantons. The photon in this model becomes a massive particle at low temperatures. This model can be solved exactly and is used as a toy model for other more complex theories.〔 〕 This model exhibits confinement of the fermions and as such, is a toy model for QCD. A handwaving argument why this is so is because in two dimensions, classically, the potential between two charged particles goes linearly as $r$, instead of $1/r$ in 4 dimensions (3 spatial 1 time). ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schwinger model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.